When indented by a probe in darkness, wafers of some semiconductors are putty-like. When illuminated by light whose wavelength matches the band gap, they become hard, as electrons and holes freed by ...

Mantle flow involves large strains of polymineral aggregates. The strongly anisotropic plastic response of each individual grain in the aggregate results from the interactions between neighbouring ...

Jogs and kinks are atomic scale changes in direction of a dislocation line. Jogs are out of the slip plane and kinks lie in the dislocations slip plane. For the edge dislocation shown, the jogs are of ...