Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense against pathogens and foreign substances. An essential component of this system are pattern recognition receptors, which recognize non-self ...

Scientists discover how innate immunity envelops bacteria. The protein GBP1 is a vital component of our body's natural defense against pathogens. This substance fights against bacteria and parasites ...

Humans are protected by two branches of the immune system. Innate immunity provides built-in defense against widespread characteristics of bacteria and viruses, while adaptive immunity memorizes ...

The immune system can work in two ways: the innate immune system reacts to any foreign invaders that are identified by immune cells that look for such pathogens; but the acquired or adaptive immune ...

Researchers at LMU have elucidated why certain RNA modifications do not trigger an immune response—a key mechanism for RNA therapeutics. The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense ...